淺紅美蘭地(Light Red Meranti)

 

一般性質

中文商用名稱：淺紅美蘭地

學名：Shorea spp.(包括Shorea acuminata Dyer, S. dasyphylla Foxw., S. johorensis, S. lepidota (Korth.) Bl., S. macroptera Dyer, S. parvifolia Dyer)

英文商用名稱：light red meranti, lauan, red meranti

科名：龍腦香科(Dipterocarpaceae)

其他參考名稱：Rubroshorea
產地 : 泰國、寮國、越南、印尼、柬埔寨

解剖性質

[一般及肉眼下特徵]
1.邊心材區別明顯，邊材淡灰褐色，心材淡紅褐色。
2.木理交錯具條紋狀紋理，木肌粗糙。

3.具垂直樹脂溝，呈白色同心圓狀。

3.輕軟至硬重均有，氣乾比重(0.4–0.8 g/cm³)。

[放大鏡下特徵]
1.散孔材，導管稍大略少，管孔單獨排列或2~3個弦向或斜向不規則排列。弦向徑155-350µm，密度 4–8/mm² 。
2.導管內具填充體但不多。
3.軸向薄壁組織帶狀 。離孔或圍孔縱向薄壁細胞很少。 離孔縱向薄壁組織多半單生且分散。 圍孔縱向薄壁細胞環孔、翼狀排列。 

用途
可供合板、建築、家具、木器工藝品等。

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Gernaral Properties
1.Scientifitic name: Shorea spp.(include Shorea acuminata Dyer, S. dasyphylla Foxw., S. johorensis, S. lepidota (Korth.) Bl., S. macroptera Dyer, S. parvifolia Dyer)
2.Commercial name: light red meranti, lauan, red meranti
3.Family: Dipterocarpaceae
4.Geogrphy distribution:  Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Indomalesia.

Anatonical Properties
[Features under Naked Eyes]

1.Growth ring boundaries distinct. Sapwood light grey-brownish, heartwood yellow brownish. 
2.Intercellular canals present, axial type, distinct white color, in short tangential lines or concentric circle-shaped array.
3.Basic specific gravity 0.4–0.8 g/cm³.

[Features under Magnifier or Microscope]

1.Wood diffuse-porous. Vessels arranged in no specific pattern, in multiples, commonly short (2–3 vessels) radial rows. Average numbers of vessels/mm² 4–8. Average tangential vessel diameter 155–350 µm.
2.Tyloses in vessels present but not much.
3.Axial parenchyma banded. Axial parenchyma rarely apotracheal, or paratracheal. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and diffuse-in-aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma vasicentric, aliform, and unilateral.

Use
Structural, plywood, furniture, Arts & Crafts

油仔(Keruing, Apitong)

 

一般性質

中文商用名稱：油仔

學名：Dipterocarpus spp.

英文商用名稱：Kerung, Apitong

科名：龍腦香科(Dipterocarpaceae)

其他參考名稱： 阿匹棟
產地 : 印度、巴基斯坦、泰國、寮國、越南、印尼、柬埔寨

解剖性質

[一般及肉眼下特徵]
1.生長輪不明顯，邊心材區別不明顯，材色為赤褐色或暗褐色。
2.橫切面上容易見到樹脂滲出痕跡。

3.氣乾比重中至重(0.58–0.8 g/cm³)。

 

[放大鏡下特徵]
1.散孔材，管孔單獨排列，孔徑大而明顯。弦向徑110-285µm，密度 2–4/mm²
2.導管內具填充體但不多。
3.縱向薄壁細胞散生、圍孔、翼狀或短切線狀排列。
4.縱向樹脂溝散生或弦向並列，不具同心圓狀排列，此可與冰片木區隔。

用途
可供室內建材、家具、合板等。

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Gernaral Properties
1.Scientifitic name: Dipterocarpus spp.
2.Commercial name: Kerung, Apitong
3.Family: Dipterocarpaceae
4.Geogrphy distribution: India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Indomalesia.

Anatonical Properties
[Features under Naked Eyes]

1.	Growth ring boundaries indistinct or absent.
2.	Heartwood basically brown to red brown to yellow brown to green.
3.	Basic specific gravity 0.66–0.75–0.8 g/cm³.

[Features under Magnifier or Microscope]

1.	Wood diffuse-porous. Vessels exclusively solitary. Average number of vessels/mm² 2–4. Average tangential vessel diameter 110–285 µm.
2.	Tyloses in vessels present but not much.
3.	Axial parenchyma apotracheal and paratracheal. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and diffuse-in-aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and vasicentric. Axial parenchyma as strands.

Use 
Structural, plywood.

冰片木(Kapur)

一般性質

中文商用名稱：冰片木

學名：Dryobalanops spp.

英文商用名稱：Kapur

科名：龍腦香科(Dipterocarpaceae)

其他參考名稱：
產地 : 印尼、馬來西亞

解剖性質

[一般及肉眼下特徵]
1.生長輪不明顯，邊心材區別明顯，心材為赤褐色或褐色，邊材淡黃褐色。
2.全屬中，D. aromatica一種具明顯香氣，且於橫斷面上可見同心圓狀排列之垂直樹脂溝，樹脂溝內白色填充體明顯。

3.氣乾比重中至重(0.58–0.8 g/cm³)。

 

[放大鏡下特徵]
1.散孔材，管孔單獨排列，孔徑稍大而明顯，弦向徑140-260µm，密度 5–17/mm²
2.木質線細。
3.縱向薄壁細胞離孔散生或圍孔呈翼狀、連合翼狀均有。

用途
可供室內建材、家具、合板等。

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Gernaral Properties
1.Scientifitic name: Dryobalanops spp.
2.Commercial name: Kapur
3.Family: Dipterocarpaceae
4.Geogrphy distribution: Indonesia, Malaysia

Anatonical Properties
[Features under Naked Eyes]

1.	Growth ring boundaries indistinct or absent. Heartwood basically brown to red. Sapwood colour distinct from heartwood colour, light yellow brownish
2.	Odour distinct (D. aromatica only).
3.	Axial parenchyma storied (D. aromatica only) distinct, concentric circle-shaped array.
4.	Basic specific gravity 0.58–0.8 g/cm³.

[Features under Magnifier or Microscope]

1.	Axial parenchyma banded. Axial parenchyma bands not marginal (or seemingly marginal). Axial parenchyma apotracheal and paratracheal. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse-in-aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty, aliform, and confluent. Aliform parenchyma lozenge and winged. Axial parenchyma as strands. Average number of cells per axial parenchyma strand 4–6(–8).
2.	Rays 4–6(–8) per tangential mm.
3.	Storied structure present or absent, all rays storied (D. aromatica only), Arrangement of tiers regular (horizontal or straight), or irregular. Number of ray tiers per axial millimetre 1–2.
4.	Crystals present (D. keithii, D. lanceolata, D. oblongifolia, D. rappa) or not observed, prismatic, located in axial parenchyma cells. Crystal-containing axial parenchyma cells not chambered. Number of crystals per cell or chamber one. Crystal containing cells of normal size. Silica present, as grains, in rays cells and in axial parenchyma (rare, in D. oocarpa, D. oblongifolia).

Use 
Structural, furniture, plywood.

太平洋鐵木(Ipil)

一般性質

中文商用名稱：太平洋鐵木

學名：Intsia spp.

英文商用名稱：Merbau, Kwila, Maka-mong, Lumpho, Ipil

科名：豆科(Leguminosae)

其他參考名稱：菠蘿木
產地 : 馬達加斯加、東南亞、新幾內亞、澳洲、沙摩亞及馬歇爾群島、印尼、新幾內亞、沙巴、沙勞越

解剖性質

[肉眼下特徵]
1.邊心材區別明顯，心材為赤褐色或褐色，邊材為灰黃白色或淡黃色，導管內有黃色填充體沉澱。
2.木材重且硬。

[放大鏡下特徵]
1.管孔單獨或2~3個團狀複合。
2.木質線細。
3.薄壁細胞圍孔翼狀。

用途
可供地板、裝飾用材、家具、造船用料、戶外重構造用材等。